{"id":1725,"date":"2025-06-09T15:56:50","date_gmt":"2025-06-09T15:56:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/energia.ing.unipi.it\/labs\/"},"modified":"2025-07-24T15:47:26","modified_gmt":"2025-07-24T15:47:26","slug":"labs","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/energia.ing.unipi.it\/en\/labs\/","title":{"rendered":"Labs"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"1725\" class=\"elementor elementor-1725 elementor-723\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2550fc4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"2550fc4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5995abf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5995abf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Labs<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e9a4f1 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"4e9a4f1\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e4486ed e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e4486ed\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;sticky&quot;:&quot;top&quot;,&quot;sticky_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;],&quot;sticky_offset&quot;:22,&quot;sticky_parent&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;sticky_effects_offset&quot;:0,&quot;sticky_anchor_link_offset&quot;:0}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-674aea6 elementor-position-left elementor-mobile-position-left elementor-vertical-align-middle elementor-vertical-align-bottom elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"674aea6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#reess\" class=\"elementor-icon\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-label=\"REESS\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"35.829\" height=\"35.829\" viewBox=\"0 0 35.829 35.829\"><g id=\"Raggruppa_190\" data-name=\"Raggruppa 190\" transform=\"translate(-2579.637 -961.408)\"><g id=\"Raggruppa_189\" data-name=\"Raggruppa 189\"><path id=\"Tracciato_158\" data-name=\"Tracciato 158\" d=\"M2584.937,974.377c-1.3-3.257-1.355-6.025.144-7.525,2.982-2.982,10.983.184,17.87,7.071s10.052,14.887,7.07,17.869-10.982-.184-17.869-7.071a36.59,36.59,0,0,1-5.577-7.064\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#9ab2c7\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/path><path id=\"Tracciato_159\" data-name=\"Tracciato 159\" d=\"M2608.2,970.879c3.44.509,5.841,1.842,6.386,3.879,1.092,4.073-5.65,9.419-15.058,11.94s-17.918,1.262-19.01-2.812,5.65-9.419,15.058-11.94a37.16,37.16,0,0,1,8.379-1.286\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#9ab2c7\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/path><path id=\"Tracciato_160\" data-name=\"Tracciato 160\" d=\"M2599.581,992.711c-2.172,2.76-4.544,4.194-6.594,3.645-4.074-1.091-5.332-9.6-2.811-19.01s7.866-16.15,11.939-15.058,5.333,9.6,2.812,19.01a37.417,37.417,0,0,1-2.874,7.518\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#9ab2c7\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/path><\/g><circle id=\"Ellisse_70\" data-name=\"Ellisse 70\" cx=\"2.909\" cy=\"2.909\" r=\"2.909\" transform=\"translate(2593.548 978.377) rotate(-31.718)\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#9ab2c7\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg>\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#reess\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tREESS\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-icon-box-description\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tRechargeable Electrical Energy Storage Systems\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ac997e8 elementor-position-left elementor-mobile-position-left elementor-vertical-align-middle elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"ac997e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#nest\" class=\"elementor-icon\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-label=\"NEST\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"35.829\" height=\"35.829\" viewBox=\"0 0 35.829 35.829\"><g id=\"Raggruppa_190\" data-name=\"Raggruppa 190\" transform=\"translate(-2579.637 -961.408)\"><g id=\"Raggruppa_189\" data-name=\"Raggruppa 189\"><path id=\"Tracciato_158\" data-name=\"Tracciato 158\" d=\"M2584.937,974.377c-1.3-3.257-1.355-6.025.144-7.525,2.982-2.982,10.983.184,17.87,7.071s10.052,14.887,7.07,17.869-10.982-.184-17.869-7.071a36.59,36.59,0,0,1-5.577-7.064\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#9ab2c7\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/path><path id=\"Tracciato_159\" data-name=\"Tracciato 159\" d=\"M2608.2,970.879c3.44.509,5.841,1.842,6.386,3.879,1.092,4.073-5.65,9.419-15.058,11.94s-17.918,1.262-19.01-2.812,5.65-9.419,15.058-11.94a37.16,37.16,0,0,1,8.379-1.286\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#9ab2c7\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/path><path id=\"Tracciato_160\" data-name=\"Tracciato 160\" d=\"M2599.581,992.711c-2.172,2.76-4.544,4.194-6.594,3.645-4.074-1.091-5.332-9.6-2.811-19.01s7.866-16.15,11.939-15.058,5.333,9.6,2.812,19.01a37.417,37.417,0,0,1-2.874,7.518\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#9ab2c7\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/path><\/g><circle id=\"Ellisse_70\" data-name=\"Ellisse 70\" cx=\"2.909\" cy=\"2.909\" r=\"2.909\" transform=\"translate(2593.548 978.377) rotate(-31.718)\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#9ab2c7\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg>\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#nest\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNEST\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-icon-box-description\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tNetwork for Energy and Sustainable Transition\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a9b908 elementor-position-left elementor-mobile-position-left elementor-vertical-align-middle elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"3a9b908\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#bears\" class=\"elementor-icon\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-label=\"BEARS\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"35.829\" height=\"35.829\" viewBox=\"0 0 35.829 35.829\"><g id=\"Raggruppa_190\" data-name=\"Raggruppa 190\" transform=\"translate(-2579.637 -961.408)\"><g id=\"Raggruppa_189\" data-name=\"Raggruppa 189\"><path id=\"Tracciato_158\" data-name=\"Tracciato 158\" d=\"M2584.937,974.377c-1.3-3.257-1.355-6.025.144-7.525,2.982-2.982,10.983.184,17.87,7.071s10.052,14.887,7.07,17.869-10.982-.184-17.869-7.071a36.59,36.59,0,0,1-5.577-7.064\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#9ab2c7\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/path><path id=\"Tracciato_159\" data-name=\"Tracciato 159\" d=\"M2608.2,970.879c3.44.509,5.841,1.842,6.386,3.879,1.092,4.073-5.65,9.419-15.058,11.94s-17.918,1.262-19.01-2.812,5.65-9.419,15.058-11.94a37.16,37.16,0,0,1,8.379-1.286\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#9ab2c7\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/path><path id=\"Tracciato_160\" data-name=\"Tracciato 160\" d=\"M2599.581,992.711c-2.172,2.76-4.544,4.194-6.594,3.645-4.074-1.091-5.332-9.6-2.811-19.01s7.866-16.15,11.939-15.058,5.333,9.6,2.812,19.01a37.417,37.417,0,0,1-2.874,7.518\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#9ab2c7\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/path><\/g><circle id=\"Ellisse_70\" data-name=\"Ellisse 70\" cx=\"2.909\" cy=\"2.909\" r=\"2.909\" transform=\"translate(2593.548 978.377) rotate(-31.718)\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#9ab2c7\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg>\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#bears\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tBEARS\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-icon-box-description\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tBoiling Evaporation and Advanced Refrigeration Systems\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2cb4a3b elementor-position-left elementor-mobile-position-left elementor-vertical-align-middle elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"2cb4a3b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#team\" class=\"elementor-icon\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-label=\"TEAM\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"35.829\" height=\"35.829\" viewBox=\"0 0 35.829 35.829\"><g id=\"Raggruppa_190\" data-name=\"Raggruppa 190\" transform=\"translate(-2579.637 -961.408)\"><g id=\"Raggruppa_189\" data-name=\"Raggruppa 189\"><path id=\"Tracciato_158\" data-name=\"Tracciato 158\" d=\"M2584.937,974.377c-1.3-3.257-1.355-6.025.144-7.525,2.982-2.982,10.983.184,17.87,7.071s10.052,14.887,7.07,17.869-10.982-.184-17.869-7.071a36.59,36.59,0,0,1-5.577-7.064\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#9ab2c7\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/path><path id=\"Tracciato_159\" data-name=\"Tracciato 159\" d=\"M2608.2,970.879c3.44.509,5.841,1.842,6.386,3.879,1.092,4.073-5.65,9.419-15.058,11.94s-17.918,1.262-19.01-2.812,5.65-9.419,15.058-11.94a37.16,37.16,0,0,1,8.379-1.286\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#9ab2c7\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/path><path id=\"Tracciato_160\" data-name=\"Tracciato 160\" d=\"M2599.581,992.711c-2.172,2.76-4.544,4.194-6.594,3.645-4.074-1.091-5.332-9.6-2.811-19.01s7.866-16.15,11.939-15.058,5.333,9.6,2.812,19.01a37.417,37.417,0,0,1-2.874,7.518\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#9ab2c7\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/path><\/g><circle id=\"Ellisse_70\" data-name=\"Ellisse 70\" cx=\"2.909\" cy=\"2.909\" r=\"2.909\" transform=\"translate(2593.548 978.377) rotate(-31.718)\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#9ab2c7\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg>\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#team\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tTEAM\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-icon-box-description\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tThermal and Energy Advanced Management\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f6bf69 elementor-position-left elementor-mobile-position-left elementor-vertical-align-middle elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"1f6bf69\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#hte\" class=\"elementor-icon\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-label=\"HTE\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"35.829\" height=\"35.829\" viewBox=\"0 0 35.829 35.829\"><g id=\"Raggruppa_190\" data-name=\"Raggruppa 190\" transform=\"translate(-2579.637 -961.408)\"><g id=\"Raggruppa_189\" data-name=\"Raggruppa 189\"><path id=\"Tracciato_158\" data-name=\"Tracciato 158\" d=\"M2584.937,974.377c-1.3-3.257-1.355-6.025.144-7.525,2.982-2.982,10.983.184,17.87,7.071s10.052,14.887,7.07,17.869-10.982-.184-17.869-7.071a36.59,36.59,0,0,1-5.577-7.064\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#9ab2c7\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/path><path id=\"Tracciato_159\" data-name=\"Tracciato 159\" d=\"M2608.2,970.879c3.44.509,5.841,1.842,6.386,3.879,1.092,4.073-5.65,9.419-15.058,11.94s-17.918,1.262-19.01-2.812,5.65-9.419,15.058-11.94a37.16,37.16,0,0,1,8.379-1.286\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#9ab2c7\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/path><path id=\"Tracciato_160\" data-name=\"Tracciato 160\" d=\"M2599.581,992.711c-2.172,2.76-4.544,4.194-6.594,3.645-4.074-1.091-5.332-9.6-2.811-19.01s7.866-16.15,11.939-15.058,5.333,9.6,2.812,19.01a37.417,37.417,0,0,1-2.874,7.518\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#9ab2c7\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/path><\/g><circle id=\"Ellisse_70\" data-name=\"Ellisse 70\" cx=\"2.909\" cy=\"2.909\" r=\"2.909\" transform=\"translate(2593.548 978.377) rotate(-31.718)\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#9ab2c7\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg>\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#hte\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tHTE\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-icon-box-description\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tHeat Transfer Enhancement\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5657115 elementor-position-left elementor-mobile-position-left elementor-vertical-align-middle elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"5657115\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#macchine\" class=\"elementor-icon\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-label=\"Electrical Machines Lab\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"35.829\" height=\"35.829\" viewBox=\"0 0 35.829 35.829\"><g id=\"Raggruppa_190\" data-name=\"Raggruppa 190\" transform=\"translate(-2579.637 -961.408)\"><g id=\"Raggruppa_189\" data-name=\"Raggruppa 189\"><path id=\"Tracciato_158\" data-name=\"Tracciato 158\" d=\"M2584.937,974.377c-1.3-3.257-1.355-6.025.144-7.525,2.982-2.982,10.983.184,17.87,7.071s10.052,14.887,7.07,17.869-10.982-.184-17.869-7.071a36.59,36.59,0,0,1-5.577-7.064\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#9ab2c7\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/path><path id=\"Tracciato_159\" data-name=\"Tracciato 159\" d=\"M2608.2,970.879c3.44.509,5.841,1.842,6.386,3.879,1.092,4.073-5.65,9.419-15.058,11.94s-17.918,1.262-19.01-2.812,5.65-9.419,15.058-11.94a37.16,37.16,0,0,1,8.379-1.286\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#9ab2c7\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/path><path id=\"Tracciato_160\" data-name=\"Tracciato 160\" d=\"M2599.581,992.711c-2.172,2.76-4.544,4.194-6.594,3.645-4.074-1.091-5.332-9.6-2.811-19.01s7.866-16.15,11.939-15.058,5.333,9.6,2.812,19.01a37.417,37.417,0,0,1-2.874,7.518\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#9ab2c7\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/path><\/g><circle id=\"Ellisse_70\" data-name=\"Ellisse 70\" cx=\"2.909\" cy=\"2.909\" r=\"2.909\" transform=\"translate(2593.548 978.377) rotate(-31.718)\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#9ab2c7\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg>\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#macchine\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tElectrical Machines Lab\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a0c426 elementor-position-left elementor-mobile-position-left elementor-vertical-align-middle elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"7a0c426\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#misure\" class=\"elementor-icon\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-label=\"Measurement Lab\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"35.829\" height=\"35.829\" viewBox=\"0 0 35.829 35.829\"><g id=\"Raggruppa_190\" data-name=\"Raggruppa 190\" transform=\"translate(-2579.637 -961.408)\"><g id=\"Raggruppa_189\" data-name=\"Raggruppa 189\"><path id=\"Tracciato_158\" data-name=\"Tracciato 158\" d=\"M2584.937,974.377c-1.3-3.257-1.355-6.025.144-7.525,2.982-2.982,10.983.184,17.87,7.071s10.052,14.887,7.07,17.869-10.982-.184-17.869-7.071a36.59,36.59,0,0,1-5.577-7.064\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#9ab2c7\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/path><path id=\"Tracciato_159\" data-name=\"Tracciato 159\" d=\"M2608.2,970.879c3.44.509,5.841,1.842,6.386,3.879,1.092,4.073-5.65,9.419-15.058,11.94s-17.918,1.262-19.01-2.812,5.65-9.419,15.058-11.94a37.16,37.16,0,0,1,8.379-1.286\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#9ab2c7\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/path><path id=\"Tracciato_160\" data-name=\"Tracciato 160\" d=\"M2599.581,992.711c-2.172,2.76-4.544,4.194-6.594,3.645-4.074-1.091-5.332-9.6-2.811-19.01s7.866-16.15,11.939-15.058,5.333,9.6,2.812,19.01a37.417,37.417,0,0,1-2.874,7.518\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#9ab2c7\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/path><\/g><circle id=\"Ellisse_70\" data-name=\"Ellisse 70\" cx=\"2.909\" cy=\"2.909\" r=\"2.909\" transform=\"translate(2593.548 978.377) rotate(-31.718)\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#9ab2c7\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg>\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#misure\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMeasurement Lab\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c0e965d elementor-position-left elementor-mobile-position-left elementor-vertical-align-middle elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"c0e965d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#emlab\" class=\"elementor-icon\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-label=\"EMLab\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"35.829\" height=\"35.829\" viewBox=\"0 0 35.829 35.829\"><g id=\"Raggruppa_190\" data-name=\"Raggruppa 190\" transform=\"translate(-2579.637 -961.408)\"><g id=\"Raggruppa_189\" data-name=\"Raggruppa 189\"><path id=\"Tracciato_158\" data-name=\"Tracciato 158\" d=\"M2584.937,974.377c-1.3-3.257-1.355-6.025.144-7.525,2.982-2.982,10.983.184,17.87,7.071s10.052,14.887,7.07,17.869-10.982-.184-17.869-7.071a36.59,36.59,0,0,1-5.577-7.064\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#9ab2c7\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/path><path id=\"Tracciato_159\" data-name=\"Tracciato 159\" d=\"M2608.2,970.879c3.44.509,5.841,1.842,6.386,3.879,1.092,4.073-5.65,9.419-15.058,11.94s-17.918,1.262-19.01-2.812,5.65-9.419,15.058-11.94a37.16,37.16,0,0,1,8.379-1.286\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#9ab2c7\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/path><path id=\"Tracciato_160\" data-name=\"Tracciato 160\" d=\"M2599.581,992.711c-2.172,2.76-4.544,4.194-6.594,3.645-4.074-1.091-5.332-9.6-2.811-19.01s7.866-16.15,11.939-15.058,5.333,9.6,2.812,19.01a37.417,37.417,0,0,1-2.874,7.518\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#9ab2c7\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/path><\/g><circle id=\"Ellisse_70\" data-name=\"Ellisse 70\" cx=\"2.909\" cy=\"2.909\" r=\"2.909\" transform=\"translate(2593.548 978.377) rotate(-31.718)\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#9ab2c7\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg>\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#emlab\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tEMLab\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-icon-box-description\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tApplied Electro-magnetism Lab\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28930f0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28930f0\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a1f08e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a1f08e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Research, Innovation, and Advanced Teaching<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e69f2d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e69f2d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Want to see energy in action?<\/strong> The laboratories of our degree programs offer much more than traditional lectures: they are fully equipped, innovative spaces open to all students eager to engage in hands-on engineering.<\/p><p>Here, you will have the opportunity to experiment, design, and explore advanced technologies, developing essential practical skills for your future.<\/p><p>From <strong>energy storage systems to thermos-fluid dynamics, from refrigeration systems to electromagnetic circuits<\/strong>, you will engage with a wide range of topics using cutting-edge instruments and with the support of faculty and researchers.<\/p><p> <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f35d2ae e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f35d2ae\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-721fe5e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"721fe5e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dcb292b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dcb292b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>If you are currently attending upper secondary school, you can access the labs through PCTO (school-to-work transition) programs.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c627c4d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c627c4d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1430de1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1430de1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>If you are enrolled in one of our degree programs, the labs are available for coursework, individual or group projects, and thesis development (both Bachelor&#8217;s and Master&#8217;s).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ab3b3c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8ab3b3c\" data-element_type=\"container\" id=\"reess\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a019123 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"a019123\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"765\" height=\"380\" src=\"https:\/\/energia.ing.unipi.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/lab-reess-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-738\" alt=\"Laboratorio REESS\" srcset=\"https:\/\/energia.ing.unipi.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/lab-reess-1.jpg 765w, https:\/\/energia.ing.unipi.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/lab-reess-1-300x149.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 765px) 100vw, 765px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-47ba0fa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"47ba0fa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Equipped for the electrical and thermal characterization of battery-based energy storage systems.<br>Tested devices include various families of lithium batteries (LFP, NMC, NCA, LTO), nickel-metal hydride (Ni-MH) batteries, and supercapacitors. <\/p><p>Available tests include: <br>\u2022 Controlled charge\/discharge under voltage and current constraints<br>\u2022 Energy measurements<br>\u2022 Capacity and efficiency under varying currents and temperatures<br>\u2022 Calibration tests for equivalent electrical models<br>\u2022 Aging and degradation tests<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7fdb32b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7fdb32b\" data-element_type=\"container\" id=\"nest\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ef103d elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"8ef103d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"765\" height=\"380\" src=\"https:\/\/energia.ing.unipi.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/lab-nest.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-740\" alt=\"Laboratorio NEST\" srcset=\"https:\/\/energia.ing.unipi.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/lab-nest.jpg 765w, https:\/\/energia.ing.unipi.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/lab-nest-300x149.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 765px) 100vw, 765px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-74d76f9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"74d76f9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Dedicated to advanced methodologies and technologies for the energy transition, in line with NextGenerationEU and PNRR objectives. Focus areas include hydrogen conversion and utilization processes and thermal energy storage. <\/p><p>The lab includes:<br>\u2022 Workstations for design, simulation, and testing<br>\u2022 Measurement of thermophysical properties<br>\u2022 Thermofluid experiments using conventional and complex fluids<br>\u2022 Scale models of latent heat storage systems for analyzing charge\/discharge dynamics under different operating conditions <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8dd9d5a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8dd9d5a\" data-element_type=\"container\" id=\"bears\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-457846e elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"457846e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"765\" height=\"380\" src=\"https:\/\/energia.ing.unipi.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/loab-bears.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-742\" alt=\"bears\" srcset=\"https:\/\/energia.ing.unipi.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/loab-bears.jpg 765w, https:\/\/energia.ing.unipi.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/loab-bears-300x149.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 765px) 100vw, 765px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-45f04f1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"45f04f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Focus areas include nucleate boiling, critical heat flux, and conditions of microgravity.<br>Also includes:<br>\u2022 Equipment for studying bubble dynamics and drop evaporation<br>\u2022 A test bench for small-scale refrigeration cycles using organic refrigerants and innovative solutions to maximize performance<br>\u2022 Apparatus for thermofluid characterization of metallic foams<br>The lab is equipped with advanced instruments for measuring temperature, flow rate, pressure, thermal conductivity, surface tension<br>Students gain fundamental and advanced knowledge of two-phase heat transfer phenomena.   <\/p><p>The lab is equipped with advanced instruments for measuring temperature, flow rate, pressure, thermal conductivity, surface tension<br>Students gain fundamental and advanced knowledge of two-phase heat transfer phenomena. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f8d091 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7f8d091\" data-element_type=\"container\" id=\"team\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9c689d5 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9c689d5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"765\" height=\"380\" src=\"https:\/\/energia.ing.unipi.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/lab-team.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-744\" alt=\"Laboratorio TEAM\" srcset=\"https:\/\/energia.ing.unipi.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/lab-team.jpg 765w, https:\/\/energia.ing.unipi.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/lab-team-300x149.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 765px) 100vw, 765px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-faf2823 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"faf2823\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Specialized in Pulsating Heat Pipes (PHP) and phase-change composite materials, particularly for space applications.<br>Students work with advanced thermal exchange and control systems. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0517c1a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0517c1a\" data-element_type=\"container\" id=\"hte\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60a2870 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"60a2870\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"765\" height=\"380\" src=\"https:\/\/energia.ing.unipi.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/lab-hte.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-746\" alt=\"Laboratorio HTE\" srcset=\"https:\/\/energia.ing.unipi.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/lab-hte.jpg 765w, https:\/\/energia.ing.unipi.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/lab-hte-300x149.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 765px) 100vw, 765px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f5427d2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f5427d2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Equipped with ultrasonic baths for investigating acoustically enhanced heat transfer techniques.<br>Students conduct experiments on fundamental thermofluid dynamics. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3467a0d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3467a0d\" data-element_type=\"container\" id=\"macchine\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9b56bf0 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9b56bf0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"765\" height=\"380\" src=\"https:\/\/energia.ing.unipi.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/lab-macchine.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-748\" alt=\"laboratorio di macchine elettriche\" srcset=\"https:\/\/energia.ing.unipi.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/lab-macchine.jpg 765w, https:\/\/energia.ing.unipi.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/lab-macchine-300x149.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 765px) 100vw, 765px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1ac5596 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1ac5596\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Students perform practical experiments on:<br>\u2022 Transformers (single- and three-phase): open-circuit and short-circuit tests, parameter identification<br>\u2022 Measurement of no-load and line currents, Y-\u0394 connections, harmonic analysis of currents and voltages<br>\u2022 Rotating machines (synchronous and asynchronous): open-circuit and locked-rotor tests using benches from 1 kW to 50 kW<br>\u2022 Experimental analysis of torque and efficiency characteristics<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e2d4b2f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e2d4b2f\" data-element_type=\"container\" id=\"misure\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-653e694 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"653e694\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"765\" height=\"380\" src=\"https:\/\/energia.ing.unipi.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/lab-misure.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-750\" alt=\"laboratorio misure\" srcset=\"https:\/\/energia.ing.unipi.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/lab-misure.jpg 765w, https:\/\/energia.ing.unipi.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/lab-misure-300x149.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 765px) 100vw, 765px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ec363b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5ec363b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Used for both teaching and research, the lab features:<br>\u2022 Measurement tools for electrical, magnetic, and thermal quantities (e.g., resistance temperature detectors, thermal cameras, high-resolution multimeters, oscilloscopes, spectrum analyzers, high-speed data acquisition systems)<br>\u2022 Equipment for prototyping (e.g., 3D printers)<br>\u2022 Climatic chamber for thermal characterization of sensors and materials (-70\u00b0C to +180\u00b0C)<br>\u2022 Cryogenic system for material testing down to \u2013271.3\u00b0C and magnetic fields up to 7 T<br>Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) for morphological analysis of micro- and nanostructures <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-65a240a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"65a240a\" data-element_type=\"container\" id=\"emlab\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d4acff9 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"d4acff9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"765\" height=\"380\" src=\"https:\/\/energia.ing.unipi.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/lam-emlab.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-752\" alt=\"laboratoro emlab\" srcset=\"https:\/\/energia.ing.unipi.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/lam-emlab.jpg 765w, https:\/\/energia.ing.unipi.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/lam-emlab-300x149.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 765px) 100vw, 765px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-33624f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"33624f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Students are involved in:<br>\u2022 Hands-on assembly of three-phase systems using transformers, cables, and loads<br>\u2022 Measurement of currents, voltages, and power<br>\u2022 Experiments on signal circuits, with a focus on resonant circuits <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-177a21e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"177a21e\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-da028be elementor-widget elementor-widget-template\" data-id=\"da028be\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"template.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-template\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"container\" data-elementor-id=\"1697\" class=\"elementor elementor-1697 elementor-410\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0decc7f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"0decc7f\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-66842a8 elementor--h-position-center elementor--v-position-middle elementor-arrows-position-inside elementor-pagination-position-inside elementor-widget elementor-widget-slides\" data-id=\"66842a8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;navigation&quot;:&quot;both&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_hover&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_interaction&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;autoplay_speed&quot;:5000,&quot;infinite&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;transition&quot;:&quot;slide&quot;,&quot;transition_speed&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"slides.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-slides-wrapper elementor-main-swiper swiper\" role=\"region\" aria-roledescription=\"carousel\" aria-label=\"Slides\" dir=\"ltr\" data-animation=\"fadeInUp\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-wrapper elementor-slides\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-repeater-item-cf9cdf0 swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\"><div class=\"swiper-slide-bg\" role=\"img\"><\/div><a class=\"swiper-slide-inner\" href=\"https:\/\/energia.ing.unipi.it\/en\/contacts\/\"><div class=\"swiper-slide-contents\"><div class=\"elementor-slide-heading\">Your first step toward the future starts here.<\/div><div class=\"elementor-slide-description\"><p>Stay in touch! We\u2019ll keep you updated on events, open days, and opportunities to explore the academic world of Energy Engineering at the University of Pisa.<\/p>\n<\/div><div  class=\"elementor-button elementor-slide-button elementor-size-sm\">Info<\/div><\/div><\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Labs REESS Rechargeable Electrical Energy Storage Systems NEST Network for Energy and Sustainable Transition BEARS Boiling Evaporation and Advanced Refrigeration Systems TEAM Thermal and Energy Advanced Management HTE Heat Transfer Enhancement Electrical Machines Lab Measurement Lab EMLab Applied Electro-magnetism Lab Research, Innovation, and Advanced Teaching Want to see energy in action? The laboratories of our [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1725","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Labs - INGEGNERIA DELL\u2019ENERGIA<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/energia.ing.unipi.it\/en\/labs\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Labs - INGEGNERIA DELL\u2019ENERGIA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Labs REESS Rechargeable Electrical Energy Storage Systems NEST Network for Energy and Sustainable Transition BEARS Boiling Evaporation and Advanced Refrigeration Systems TEAM Thermal and Energy Advanced Management HTE Heat Transfer Enhancement Electrical Machines Lab Measurement Lab EMLab Applied Electro-magnetism Lab Research, Innovation, and Advanced Teaching Want to see energy in action? 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